{"id":2315,"date":"2013-10-16T19:34:37","date_gmt":"2013-10-16T19:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/?page_id=2315"},"modified":"2022-08-09T10:48:26","modified_gmt":"2022-08-09T10:48:26","slug":"harald-harfagre","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/en\/informasjon\/harald-harfagre\/","title":{"rendered":"Harald Fairhair"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Text: Marit Synn\u00f8ve Vea<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3751\" style=\"width: 207px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-Harfagre-sine-kongsgardar1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3751\" class=\"wp-image-3751 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-Harfagre-sine-kongsgardar1-197x300.jpg\" alt=\"Harald H\u00e5rfagre sine kongsgardar\" width=\"197\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-Harfagre-sine-kongsgardar1-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-Harfagre-sine-kongsgardar1.jpg 474w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3751\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>THE ROYAL MANORS OF HARALD FAIRHAIR<\/strong>.<b><\/b> All Harald\u2019s royal manors were located in the region of Rogaland and Hordaland.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>(<em>Haraldr h\u00e1rfagri<\/em>) (Harald Fairhair\/Finehair), (Ca. 850 \u2013 931\/32) King of Norway from ca. 872 -931<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Harald Fairhair has traditionally been given the credit for uniting Norway into one kingdom after winning the Battle of Hafrsfjord in ca. 870.<\/li>\n<li>In reality he gathered only Western Norway. All Harald\u2019s royal manors were located in the region of Rogaland and Hordaland. Elsewhere in Norway, earls governed on Harald\u2019s behalf.<\/li>\n<li>Avaldsnes is regarded as Harald\u2019s most important royal seat. Harald could control his west Norwegian realm best from Avaldsnes. It was here he settled and felt safe in his advancing years.<\/li>\n<li>Harald died at Avaldsnes, and it was in this area he was buried at \u201c.. Haug by the strait of Karmsund\u201c.<\/li>\n<li>Harald Fairhair and his descendants held court at Avaldsnes for almost 500 years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Harald Fairhair: Founder of the kingdom of Norway and founder of a royal dynasty<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Harald Fairhair is the longest reigning monarch in Norway<\/li>\n<li>Harald was both the founder of a kingdom and the founder of a royal dynasty \u2013 the king of all kings. Those who reigned after him had to prove legitimate family ties with Harald before assuming their right to the throne.<\/li>\n<li>The sagas describe Harald Fairhair as an unusually handsome man. He was tall and strong, generous, wise and sociable.<\/li>\n<li>Harald established a cultural centre around his court. The saga tells that: <em>Of all his warriors Harald Fairhair treasured his skalds the most: They were seated opposite him in the high seat. <\/em><\/li>\n<li>Harald was also a sea-king and a Viking. He was in his element on board a ship and sailed far and wide on Viking raids.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_1766\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/haralds-menn-frir-til-gyda.jpg1_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1766\" class=\"wp-image-1766 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/haralds-menn-frir-til-gyda.jpg1_-300x239.jpg\" alt=\"I Harald H\u00e5rfagres saga h\u00f8rer vi at den unge Gyda nekter \u00e5 gifte seg med Harald f\u00f8r han har &quot;samlet Norge til ett rike&quot;.  (Harald H\u00e5rfagres Saga, illustrasjon I Werenskiold)\" width=\"300\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/haralds-menn-frir-til-gyda.jpg1_-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/haralds-menn-frir-til-gyda.jpg1_.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1766\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Saga of Harald Fairhair tells that Gyda refused to marry Harald \u201cbefore he was king over all of Norway\u201d. .<br \/> (Harald H\u00e5rfagres Saga, Ill. E. Werenskiold)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Gyda goads Harald to unify the kingdom<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The saga claims that Norway was united because Gyda, a princess from Hordaland, refused to marry Harald &#8220;before he was king over all of Norway&#8221;. Harald was therefore induced to take a vow not to cut nor comb his hair until he was sole king of Norway. In this period he was nicknamed Harald Tangle-hair. (ON Lufa).<\/li>\n<li>In reality, it was probably the old Germanic ruler myths that made Harald to go uncut. According to these myths hair and beard was filled with power and strength.<\/li>\n<li>10 years later, when Norway was united \u201cinto one kingdom\u201d Harald trimmed his hair and gained the nickname <em>Fairhair<\/em> or <em>Finehair<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The battle of Hafrsfjord<\/strong><br \/>\nThe Battle of Hafrsfjord took place at some time between the year 868 and 900. This battle is traditionally regarded as the major turning-point in Harald\u2019s quest to join the whole of Norway into one kingdom. It is probably more true to say that the battle represented his enemies\u2019 last death throes.<\/p>\n<p>The ancient<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/neu\/onp\/onp11.htm\"> Lay of Harald<\/a> tells that Harald\u2019s foes were \u201cmen who came from the East. The strongest among them was <em>Haklang<\/em>, who may have held court at Utstein.<\/p>\n<p>Harald and his followers bore red shields and red cloaks. His enemies bore white shields.<\/p>\n<dl id=\"attachment_3448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 208px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-sine-kongsgardar.-A-Opedal-.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3448 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-sine-kongsgardar.-A-Opedal--198x300.jpg\" alt=\"Kart etter Arnfrid Opedal (Ill Steinar Iversen) \u2022\t  Harald H\u00e5rfagre sine sikre kongsgardar p\u00e5 f\u00f8rste halvdel av 900-tallet \u2022\t  Harald H\u00e5rfagre sine mogelege kongelige st\u00f8ttepunkt p\u00e5 f\u00f8rste halvdel av 900-tallet   Dei omr\u00e5da som var mest sentrale i Harald H\u00e5rfagre sitt rike I f\u00f8lge skriftlege kjelder (etter Krag 1995 : 87) \" width=\"198\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-sine-kongsgardar.-A-Opedal--198x300.jpg 198w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-sine-kongsgardar.-A-Opedal--675x1024.jpg 675w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Harald-sine-kongsgardar.-A-Opedal-.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2022<\/span> \u00a0Harald Fairhair&#8217;s royal manors in the first half of the 900s<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u00a0<\/span>Harald Fairhair\u2019s\u00a0 possible royal support points on the first half of the 900s<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u00a4<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 Green color marks the regions that, according to old written sources, were most central in Harald Fairhair&#8217;s kingdom \u00a0(after Krag 1995 : 87)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\">Map after Arnfrid Opedal (Ill Steinar Iversen)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p><strong>Harald Fairhair \u2013 a King of Western Norway<\/strong><br \/>\nThe chronicler Snorri Sturluson places Harald Fairhair among the Ynglinge bloodline. \u00a0However, the lay <em>Ynglingatal<\/em>, which is Snorri&#8217;s &#8220;source&#8221; and the Ynglinge bloodline&#8217;s &#8220;family tree&#8221;, never mentions Harald Fairhair even once. Snorri \u00a0writes that Harald came from Vestfold in Eastern Norway, and that his father was Halfdan the Black and his mother was Ragnhild Sigurdsdotter from Ringerike<\/p>\n<p>Other sources, which are older than Snorri, tell a different story, here Harald\u2019s mother was Ragnhild, daughter of King Harald Goldbeard in Sogn.<\/p>\n<p>Newer research indicates that Snorri Sturluson was doing political agitation on behalf of the Norwegian king of the 13<sup>th<\/sup> century when he placed Harald among the Ynglinge bloodline. Snorri did this to establish a Norwgian hereditary claim to Viken, the region around Oslo, which both the Danish and Swedish kings claimed as theirs area.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Did Harald come to Avaldsnes as heir or conqueror?<\/strong><br \/>\nIt is said that Harald Fairhair established Avaldsnes as \u00abNorway\u2019s Oldest Royal Seat\u00bb, but Avaldsnes had been a royal seat ever since the third century. When Harald settled down at Avaldsnes, he dispelled the sitting king Hj\u00f8r and his queen Lufvina from the thrown.<\/p>\n<p>Hj\u00f8r descended from the Augvald dynasty, and could prove a nobler family lineage than Harald Fairhair, who had a rather unclear ancestry.<\/p>\n<p>But could it be that also Harald Fairhair had a hereditary claim in this area? Scholars have asked if it was possible for Harald to establish such a seat of power in Southwest Norway without already having long family roots here or owning land in the area?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Connections between the Kings at Avaldsnes and the Ynglinge Bloodline from Vestfold.<\/strong><br \/>\nDendrochronological studies carried out in 2009 show that the Osebergship, found in Vestfold, is built of oaks from the same area of South West Norway as the Gr\u00f8nhaug and Storhaug ships.\u00a0 Considering that these two vessels are buried close by the royal estate at Avaldsnes, it seems very likely that the Avaldsnes kings built both these and the Oseberg ship.<\/p>\n<p>These dendrochronological studies provide the first archaeological connection between Avaldsnes and the Ynglinge bloodline in Vestfold. Perhaps this could also provide a new perspective on the unification process of Norway?<\/p>\n<p>These surveys have presented the possibility that one of the princesses from Avaldsnes was married off to a member of the Ynglinge bloodline from Vestfold. She would have travelled south in the Oseberg ship, which would also have served as her dowry. It is likely that, upon her demise, the ship would have travelled with her on her final voyage to the afterworld.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_469\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/halsringar-av-s\u00f8lv-vikingtid-fune-ved-sj\u00f8kanten.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-469\" class=\"wp-image-469 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/halsringar-av-s\u00f8lv-vikingtid-fune-ved-sj\u00f8kanten-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Two large rings of silver from the Viking Age. Found by the seaside, Possibly rings given to show alianse with people who performed important duties for the king. (Photo Marit Synn\u00f8ve Vea)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/halsringar-av-s\u00f8lv-vikingtid-fune-ved-sj\u00f8kanten-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/halsringar-av-s\u00f8lv-vikingtid-fune-ved-sj\u00f8kanten-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-469\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A neck ring and an arm ring of silver from the Viking Age. Found by the seaside at Eike, Avaldsnes. Possibly rings given to show alianse with people who performed important duties for the king. (Photo Marit Synn\u00f8ve Vea)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Did Harald Fairhair have ancestors from both Avaldsnes and the Ynglinge bloodline? Can we assume there was an alliance between Vestfold and the kings at Avaldsnes in the early 9<sup>th<\/sup> century? And if so, against whom was the allegiance intended? Could it have been the Danish kings, who were in control of the Viken area at this time?<\/p>\n<p>See:<br \/>\nArkeologi i Nord:<a href=\"http:\/\/arkeologi.blogspot.no\/2009\/12\/karmy-og-oseberg.html\"> KARM\u00d8Y OG OSEBERG<\/a><br \/>\nNRK: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nrk.no\/rogaland\/osebergskipet-kommer-fra-karmoy-1.6504562\">OSEBERGSKIPET KOMMER FRA KARM\u00d8Y<\/a><br \/>\nAftenposten: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aftenposten.no\/nyheter\/iriks\/article2954241.ece\">OSEBERGSKIPETS G\u00c5TE L\u00d8ST<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Harald Fairhair&#8217;s Royal Seat at Avaldsnes<\/strong><br \/>\nThe royal seat at Avaldsnes must have been very important for the kings who strove to achieve a united Norway. Its strategic location near the strait of Karmsund meant that the king in power had control of all shipping traffic along the coast here. They could demand a toll from passing vessels and keep enemy ships at bay. Moreover, the resources at the royal manor allowed the kings to keep many warriors there<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>&#8220;Harald seems to have chosen Avaldsnes at Karm\u00f8y with great care as his real residence \u2013 you could call the place &#8220;the stronghold of\u00a0 Western Norway&#8221;. (Prof. Magnus Olsen)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>&#8220;The main fairway along the coast went through Karmsundet. These southwest Norwegian areas seem to have been the core of Harald Fairhair&#8217;s kingdom.<\/em> &#8221; (Prof. Claus Krag)<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2680\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Living-area-royal-manor.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2680\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2680\" src=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Living-area-royal-manor-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"The image shows the &quot;workshop area&quot;, the &quot;living area&quot; and the area for religious\/political activities in those locations that have been investigated. (Photo KIB Media)\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Living-area-royal-manor-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Living-area-royal-manor-480x320.jpg 480w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Living-area-royal-manor.jpg 958w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2680\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The image shows the &#8220;workshop area&#8221;, the &#8220;living area&#8221; and the area for religious\/political activities in those locations that have been investigated. (Photo KIB Media)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Were exactly was the royal manor of Harald Fairhair ?<\/strong><br \/>\nFor about 500 years Avaldsnes was a royal seat for the national kings; Harald Fairhair and his descendants. During this long period, a number of royal courts have existed, each of which had many buildings for different purpose.<\/p>\n<p>The royal manor at Avaldsnes was primarily known from the Old Norse <em>Kings&#8217; Sagas<\/em>, and St Olaf\u2019s church was the only visible memory from the national kings above ground. The royal manor area has been in intensive use until our times, and one had to believe that most of the traces from more glorious times ine the past were destroyed.\u00a0But in 1986 the first physical track of the King&#8217;s manor showed up from the soil: The archaeologists uncovered an underground passageway which probably was an escape route for use in times of trouble. \u00a0Also the ongoing Royal Manor Project have found traces of buildings dating from the time of the national kings, as well as from earlier periods.<\/p>\n<p>Roughly speaking, throughout the whole of the Iron Age, including the Viking Age, the \u201cworkshop area\u201d lay east of the existing outbuilding. The \u201cliving area\u201d lay on a flat piece of land between the existing outbuilding and the church. The hall, used for religious and political activities, was situated on the edge of this flat land, just south of the church<\/p>\n<p><strong>The King\u2019s harbour<\/strong><br \/>\nWe know that the king\u2019s ships lay at anchor by the royal manor at Avaldsnes and that the whole of the royal fleet lay there too at times. The royal port was probably situated where we know the port was located in the Middle Ages, just below where the Nordvegen History Centre is today.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Where is Harald Fairhair buried?<\/strong><br \/>\nHarald died on his sickbed at Avaldsnes as an old man, and he was buried some place alongside the strait Karmsund. No one knows exactly where: Snorri Sturluson tells \u201c&#8230;ok er hann heyg\u00f0r \u00e1 Haugum vi\u00f0 Karmtsund\u201d. The chronicler Agrip localizes this closer by saying. \u201c..oc var haug\u00fer a Haugom upp fra Hasl\u00e6yiarsundi\u201d. (Hasl\u00e6yiarsundi is a certain part of the strait Karmsund ). Nevertheless there has been much discussion about the exact location.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3465\" style=\"width: 272px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/hauge-nedanfor-Skare-kirke.-Foto-hgs-avis.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3465\" class=\"wp-image-3465 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/hauge-nedanfor-Skare-kirke.-Foto-hgs-avis-262x300.jpg\" alt=\"Hauge nedanfor  Sk\u00e5re Kyrkje.  Ein mogeleg gravstad for  Harald H\u00e5rfagre. (Foto Haugesunds Avis)\" width=\"262\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/hauge-nedanfor-Skare-kirke.-Foto-hgs-avis-262x300.jpg 262w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/hauge-nedanfor-Skare-kirke.-Foto-hgs-avis-895x1024.jpg 895w, https:\/\/avaldsnes.info\/content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/hauge-nedanfor-Skare-kirke.-Foto-hgs-avis.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 262px) 100vw, 262px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3465\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hauge, close by Sk\u00e5re church in Haugesund. A possible burial site for Harald Fairhair. (Photo Haugesunds Avis)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In 1872, Norway celebrated that it was 1000 years since the unification, and people wanted to errected a monument on the burial site of Harald Fairhair to commemorate this. Some historians pointed out Gard north in Haugesund as the most possible site, and the national mounument was erected here.<\/p>\n<p>Today most people think that a more probable alternative is Hauge, close by Sk\u00e5re church, a litle further south in Haugesund.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.haugalandmuseene.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/downloads\/2011\/12\/Det-er-nok-ikke-Harald-Harfagres-gravstein-som-ligger-p%C3%A5-Haraldshaugen-av-Erling-Vorland.pdf\">\u00a0(See: \u00c5rbok for Karmsund. 1987 \u2013 1992)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Main photos\/illustrations: Marit S. Vea, Steinar Iversen, Terje Andreassen<\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Text: Marit Synn\u00f8ve Vea (Haraldr h\u00e1rfagri) (Harald Fairhair\/Finehair), (Ca. 850 \u2013 931\/32) King of Norway from ca. 872 -931 Harald Fairhair has traditionally been given the credit for uniting Norway into one kingdom after winning the Battle of Hafrsfjord in ca. 870. In reality he gathered only Western Norway. All Harald\u2019s royal manors were located [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":22,"menu_order":8,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Harald H\u00e5rfagre Harald Fairhair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Haraldr h\u00e1rfagri (ca 850 -931\/32) rikssamlar og dynastigrunnleggar. Slaget i Hafrsfjord. Avaldsnes kongsg\u00e5rd. Osebergskipet. 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Slaget i Hafrsfjord. Avaldsnes kongsg\u00e5rd. Osebergskipet. 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